The USA Biology Olympiad (USABO) is the premier biology competition for high school students in the United States, designed to identify and train the next generation of biological leaders. Participants progress through a series of increasingly rigorous exams—the Open, Semifinal, and National Finals—that test advanced concepts in cell biology, genetics, ecology, and animal/plant physiology far beyond the standard high school curriculum.

The top twenty finalists are invited to a residential training program at a host university (such as Harvard), where they engage in intensive laboratory instruction and advanced theory. From this group, four students are selected to represent Team USA at the International Biology Olympiad (IBO).